Maharas Upras Ras and Ranta varg
Ras Shaatra is Bams’s second prof subject. In it, there is varg, which is an essential backbone of Ras, critical parameters, Maharas Upras Ras, and Ranta varg.
Maharas (रस शास्त्र) महारस:
The substances which are useful in enhancing the medicinal values of Parada (mercury) are grouped under Maharasas. Many authors have included many varied substances under the Maharasas. But here Rasaratna Samucchaya classification is followed.
अभ्रवैक्रान्त माक्षिक विमलाद्रिजसस्यकम् ।
चपलो रसकश्चेति ज्ञात्वाऽष्टौ संग्रहेद्रसान् ॥ (र.र.स.२/१)
There are eight 8 different types of maharas defined in ras shastra and are mentioned below:
Maharas (महारस) | Chemical Name | Composition |
अभ्रक Abhrak | Mica | (MgFe)2 (Al2Fe)2 (SiO)3 |
वैक्रान्त |
Tourmaline | K2OAl2O3.6SiO2 |
माक्षिक Machik | Copper Pyrite | Cu2S |
विमल Vimal | Iron Pyrite | Fe2S3 |
शिलाजीत Shilajeet | Black Bitumen | |
सस्यक Sasyak | Copper Sulphate | CuSO4.7H2O |
चपल Chapal | Bismuth Ore | |
रसक Rashak | Zinc Ore (Calamine) | ZnCo3 |
Upras (रस शास्त्र) उपरस वर्ग:
After Maharasa, Uparas play a crucial role in the processing of Parada. In the field of Rasashastra, they hold a very high position because, without Uparas, the Marana of Maharasas cannot be performed. They are also very useful in imbibing Dehasiddhi and Lohasiddhi qualities into Parada.
गन्धाश्मगैरिकासीसकांक्षीताल शिलाञ्जनम् ।
कंकुष्ठं चेत्युपरसाश्चाष्टौ पारद कर्मणि ॥ (र.र.स)
Following are the eight 8 different types of Upras (उपरस) defined in ras shastra:
Upras (उपरस) | Chemical Name | Composition |
गन्धक | Sulphur | S |
गैरिक | Sulphur Ochre | Fe2O3 |
कासीस | Green Vitriol | FeSO4.7H2O |
फिटकरी (कांक्षी) | Potash Alum Orpiment | K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O |
हरताल | Realgar | As2S3 |
मनःशिला | As2S2 | |
अंजन | Collyrium | |
कंकुष्ठ | Ruhbarb |
Ras (रस शास्त्र) रस वर्ग:
There are eight 8 different types of ras describe in ras shastra:
Ras (रस) | Chemical Name | Composition |
कम्पिल्लक Kampillak | Kamila | |
गौरीपाषाण Gauripashadh | Arsenic | 3Cu(AsO2)2 |
नवसादर Navsaadar | Ammonium Salt | NH 4Cl |
कपर्द (कौड़ी) Kapard | Marine Shell | |
अग्निजार (अम्बर) Agnijaar | Ambergris | |
गिरिसिंदूर Girisindur | Red Oxide of Mercury | HgO |
हिंगुल Hingul | Cinnabar | HgS |
मृददारश्रृंग Mriddarshriga | Kamila Litharge |
Ratna (रस शास्त्र) रत्न वर्ग:
There are nine 9 different types of the ratna describe in ras shastra:
Ratna (रत्न) | English Name |
माणिक्य | Ruby |
मुक्ता (मोती) | Pearl |
प्रवाल (मूंगा) | Coral |
ताक्षर्य (पन्ना) | Emerald |
पुखराज | Topaz |
भिदुर (हीरा) | Diamond |
नीलम | Sapphire |
गोमेद | Zircon |
वैदूर्य | Cat’s eye |